Pigment Violet 19, gamma-Modification The gamma-crystal modification of P.V.19 affords bluish red shades which are much yellower than those obtained by the belta-modification. It used in exterior house paints, transparent paints, printing inks industry, it is frequently used for its high heat stability to replace more expensive bluish Cadmium Red pigments. The gamma-form of P.V.19 is also applicable in injection-molded and extrusion-made polyamide, and such as powder coatings and cast resins.

Pigment Violet 19, Belta-Modification quinacridone violet, PV19, QUINACRIDONE RED The belta-modification affords a reddish violet shade. These pigments are frequently used in combination with inorganic pigments, especially with iron oxide, or to a decreasing extent with Molybdate Red pigments, to color industrial paints. The belta-modification of P.V.19 is very fast to bleeding in plasticized PVC. Metal deco prints containing -P.V.19 withstand up to 180°C for 10 minutes and 170°C for 30 minutes, respectively.

Pigment Yellow 183 P.Y.183   is considered a specialty product for the coloration of plastics. This monoazo yellow calcium pigment lake affords reddish, somewhat dull yellow shades with poor tinctorial strength. 1/3 SD HDPE colorations (1% TiO2) require 0.32% pigment. In such media, the pigment is thermally stable up to 300°C. Polymer shrinkage is practically unaffected. The pigment provides very good lightfastness; 1/3 SD colorations equal step 7–8 on the Blue Scale. P.Y.183 is also recommended for other high temperature processed plastics. In ABS, for example, it is thermally stable up to 300°C. P.Y.183 is bleed resistant in plasticized PVC, where its poor tinctorial strength is of some disadvantage.

Pigment Yellow 181 P.Y.181, a reddish yellow pigment, was introduced to the market a few years ago. Its main area of application is in plastics, especially in polyolefins. In these media, P.Y.181 is heat stable up to 300°C and very lightfast. 1/3 SD HDPE samples (1% TiO2), for instance, equal step 8 on the Blue Scale. The pigment does not affect the shrinkage of the partially crystalline polymer. P.Y.181 does not migrate in plasticized PVC. Besides, it shows excellent lightfastness in this medium. P.Y.181 is extremely heat stable, which makes it a suitable pigment for other polymers which are processed at high or very high temperature. The list includes PS, ABS, polyester, polyacetal, and various other technical plastics.

Pigment Yellow 154 P.Y.154 affords a somewhat greenish yellow shade of very high lightfastness and weatherfastness. Its shade is distinctly redder than that of P.Y.175 and noticeably redder than that of P.Y.151, both of which are also members of the benzimidazolone series. P.Y.154 is completely or at least almost completely resistant to the major organic solvents. The list includes alcohols, esters, such as butylacetate, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as mineral spirits or xylene, and dibutyl phthalate. P.Y.154 is primarily applied in paints, in which it is one of the most weatherfast organic yellow pigments. Incorporated in the same system and tested and evaluated under the same conditions as P.Y.151, P.Y.154 disperses easily. Areas of application also include other common media throughout the coatings and paints industry, such as architectural paints and emulsion paints. P.Y.154 is employed wherever high lightfastness and weatherfastness are required. Its principal application within the plastics area is in PVC. P.Y.154 reigns supreme in terms of lightfastness and durability in rigid PVC and in impact resistant PVC types, which makes it a suitable product for exterior use. P.Y.154 also has excellent lightfastness and weatherfastness in PVC plastisols which are coil coated onto steel. P.Y.154 is a useful pigment for the printing ink industry wherever high lightfastness is required.

Pigment Yellow 168 P.Y.168 is a calcium pigment lake and chemically closely related to the P.Y.61 and 62:1 lakes. It has been commercially available for some years, but has as yet gained only regional importance. It provides a clean, somewhat greenish yellow shade somewhere between the shades of P.Y.1 and 3. P.Y.168 is used in paints and plastics. The pigment exhibits good fastness to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons; but it shows only limited resistance to alcohols, esters, and ketones. It is largely acid and alkali resistant. P.Y.168 is not fast to overpainting. It is used in inexpensive industrial finishes wherever the application requirements, especially as far as lightfastness and durability are concerned, are not high. P.Y.168 shows good migration resistance in plasticized PVC, but its tinctorial strength is relatively poor. In transparent colorations, its lightfastness (0.1% pigment) is equal to step 6 on the Blue Scale; at 1/3 SD it corresponds to step 5. In HDPE, the pigment affects the shrinkage of extrusion products, which is typical of azo pigment lakes of this class. P.Y.168 is recommended especially for use in LDPE.

Pigment Yellow 180 P.Y.180, a greenish to medium yellow shade pigment, was introduced a few years ago. It is a disazo yellow pigment and is of particular interest to the plastics industry. In HDPE, P.Y.180 is heat stable up to 290°C. P.Y.180, like P.Y.181, does not affect the shrinkage of the plastics P.Y.180 is becoming increasingly important and is utilized in printing inks to suit particular applications where diarylide yellow pigments cannot be used. A special grade is also commercially available which is recommended for the coloration of solvent and water based packaging gravure and flexo printing inks,

Pigment Yellow 174 PY174,   P.Y.174 joined the market a few years ago and bears some resemblance to P.Y.13.The commercially available varieties are very strong, highly resinated products which are correspondingly transparent. They are of great interest to the offset printing industry.  P.Y.174 provides a yellow shade which matches the CIE 12-66 standard yellow for process color printing. The excellent tinctorial strength of the commercial products is accompanied by the high viscosity of the ink.

Pigment Yellow 139
P.Y.139 is a reddish yellow pigment, used in plastics, paints, and printing inks. The
commercial types exhibit a wide variety of particle size distributions and accordingly
demonstrate very different coloristic properties, which is especially true for
the hiding power. The opaque version is considerably redder. Incorporated in a
paint, it is less viscous, which makes it possible to increase the pigment concentration
without affecting the gloss of the product. The printing ink industry utilizes P.Y.139 to color high grade printing products.
1/3 SD letterpress proof prints equal step 7 on the Blue Scale for lightfastness

Pigment Blue 15:3 HP BLUE 43145 P.B.15:3, the belta-modification of Copper Phthalocyanine Blue, affords a clean shade of turquoise. Pigments of this type are used primarily in graphical printing as well as in finishes and paints, plastics and rubber, textile printing, and other areas, such as office articles.

Pigment Yellow 151 P.Y.151, affords a clean greenish yellow shade. Its hue is somewhat greener than that of P.Y.154 and distinctly redder than that of P.Y.175. The type which features a specific surface area of less than 20 m2/g provides good hiding power. Its main area of application is in the paint industry, which uses P.Y.151 particularly for high grade industrial finishes. Good rheological properties make it possible to incorporate up to approximately 30% pigment in a paint without affecting the gloss of the coating. Coatings containing P.Y.151 are very lightfast and durable. Systems based on acrylic melamine resin, The plastics industry uses P.Y.151 to color PVC, polyolefins, and other polymers. The pigment shows excellent migration fastness in plasticized PVC. P.Y.151 is equally heat stable in polystyrene, as long as the processing temperature does not exceed 260 to 280°C. The pigment is very lightfast in this medium P.Y.151 is employed for printing inks wherever lightfastness is a prime consideration. The prints are fast to soap but not sufficiently alkali resistant. They are fast to clear lacquer coatings, but not fast to sterilization.

Pigment Yellow 139 for plastics P.Y.139 is a reddish yellow pigment, used in plastics, paints, and printing inks. The commercial types exhibit a wide variety of particle size distributions and accordingly demonstrate very different coloristic properties, which is especially true for the hiding power. The opaque version is considerably redder. Incorporated in a paint, it is less viscous, which makes it possible to to increase the pigment concentration without affecting the gloss of the product.

  Pigment Yellow 97 Pigment Yellow 97 provides a medium yellow shade with properties that are somewhat of an exception compared to other monoazo yellow pigments. Its hue is similar to that of P.Y.1. P.Y.97 is considerably more resistant to most organic solvents than the other representatives of this group, its migration fastness properties are also superior. P.Y.97 is used in a variety of fields. Even in pastel shades, it is used in industrial finishes; while its full shades lend color to automobile refinishes. In emulsion paints, both its medium and full shades are suited to exterior application. The printing ink industry uses P.Y.97 in high grade printing products.  P.Y.97 can also be applied in plastics.  P.Y.97 can also be applied in other areas, such as in pigmented waterbased paints.

Pigment Yellow 83
P.Y.83 can be used for all printing techniques and purposes. The printing ink industry often prefers highly transparent, mostly resinated types. Printing such Disazo Pigments types on aluminum foil or on metal sheets produces brilliant shades of gold. Combining P.Y.83 with transparent versions of the greenish P.Y.17 affords transparent prints with good lightfastness,

Pigment yellow 83, transparency type Yellow HR P.Y.83 possesses excellent fastness properties, which make it almost universally applicable. It provides a reddish yellow hue, which is considerably more reddish than that of P.Y.13 and at the same time very strong. P.Y.83 is the standard pigment within the reddish yellow range. P.Y.83 shows good to very good resistance to most solvents which are typically found in application media. P.Y.83 shows excellent lightfastness, even in methylmethacrylate or unsaturated polyester cast resins. The pigment does not affect the hardening of the latter. P.Y.83 is also used to an appreciable extent in plastics. Because of its good solvent resistance, migration is no problem in plasticized PVC even at low pigment levels; it does not bleed or bloom.

Pigment yellow 83, transparency type and hemi-trans type, yellow HR02 P.Y.83 possesses excellent fastness properties, which make it almost universally applicable. It provides a reddish yellow hue, which is considerably more reddish than that of P.Y.13 and at the same time very strong. P.Y.83 is the standard pigment within the reddish yellow range. P.Y.83 shows good to very good resistance to most solvents which are typically found in application media. P.Y.83 shows excellent lightfastness, even in methylmethacrylate or unsaturated polyester cast resins. The pigment does not affect the hardening of the latter. P.Y.83 is also used to an appreciable extent in plastics. Because of its good solvent resistance, migration is no problem in plasticized PVC even at low pigment levels; it does not bleed or bloom.

Pigment Yellow 81 This pigment affords a very greenish yellow. Its hue is similar to that of the monoazo yellow pigment P.Y.3, but white reductions are much stronger exhibiting considerably improved solvent and migration resistance. Although P.Y.81 shows satisfactory lightfastness, it is not quite as lightfast as P.Y.3. P.Y.81 is recognized throughout the paint industry for its fastness to overcoating and very good solvent fastness in industrial application. Most types exhibit good hiding power. In plastics application, P.Y.81 is very resistant to bleeding, provided the appropriate concentration limits are observed. Its heat resistance makes it a useful colorant for polyolefins. P.Y.81 was said to be heat stable up to 260°C for 5 minutes, depending on the depth of shade. The pigment was thus much more heat resistant than other diarylide yellow pigments

Pigment yellow 14, PY14, DIARYLIDE YELLOW 14 P.Y.14 is less important than P.Y.12 and 13, the packaging and textiles printing ink industries use it in large volume. P.Y.14 is somewhat greener than 248 Disazo Pigments P.Y.12 and considerably more so in comparison with P.Y.13. P.Y.14 is more resistant to solvents than P.Y.12. In contrast to P.Y.12, it is resistant to paraffin, which makes it a useful product for packaging inks.

P.Y.74 specimens are fast to alkali, acid, and soap. Other aspects of their fastness in print, such as butter resistance and fastness to the solvent mixture described in DIN 16 524 P.Y.74 varieties with comparatively fine  Commercially Available Monoazo Yellow and Orange Pigments 225 particle sizes are also used in the paint industry, where they lend color to air drying and emulsion paints. Excellent tinctorial strength, especially in pastel shades, i.e., in white reductions, make P.Y.74 more advantageous on a cost/performance basis than the somewhat redder P.Y.1. A strong tendency to bloom, however, precludes the use of P.Y.74 in baking enamels.

Pigment Yellow 74 opaque type P.Y.74, a commercial pigment of considerable significance, is used primarily in the  printing ink and paint industries. Its greenish yellow shades are somewhere between those of P.Y.3 and P.Y.1. The pigment is considerably stronger than and superior to all comparable monoazo yellow pigments. P.Y.74 grades with very different particle sizes are commercially available.

Pigment Yellow 17 PY17 for plastics P.Y.17 may be used for mass coloration and also to print PVC film. For these purposes, P.Y.17 is frequently prepared on a VC/VAc (vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate) mixed polymer basis. Good dispersibility in plastics makes these preparations suitable even for thin films. The dielectrical properties of P.Y.17 allow its application in PVC cable insulations. P.Y.17 is also frequently used in polyolefins,

P.Y.74, a commercial pigment of considerable significance, is used primarily in the printing ink and paint industries. Its greenish yellow shades are somewhere between those of P.Y.3 and P.Y.1. The pigment is considerably stronger than and superior to all comparable monoazo yellow pigments. P.Y.74 grades with very different particle sizes are commercially available.Varieties with fine particle sizes, i.e., pigments with specific surface areas between approximately 30 and 70 m2/g, are used primarily in the printing ink industry. They provide brilliant prints, which are brighter and more transparent than those of other monoazo yellow pigments. P.Y.74 is somewhat more greenish than the standard yellow. Its shade can be adjusted with suitable reddish yellow pigments.

Pigment Yellow 65 Pigment Yellow 65 provides reddish yellow shades. The types which are still commercially available consist of pigments with comparatively coarse particle sizes and with specific surface areas of approximately 6 to 20 m2/g.  The pigment thus provides excellent hiding power. There is some resemblance between Pigment Yellow 65 and P.Y.74 types with high hiding power in that they perform equally well in terms of solvent resistance, recrystallization fastness in solvent containing media, lightfastness, and durability. P.Y.65 is considerably inferior, which precludes its application in printing inks. Opaque varieties of the slightly more greenish diarylide yellow pigment P.Y.83, for instance, are more than three times as strong as P.Y.65, yet provide similar lightfastness. Media in which P.Y.65 grades are applied include air drying and emulsion paints.

Pigment Yellow 62, PY62 There is equally little commercial interest in the calcium pigment lake P.Y.62. Its use is in the plastics industry, where it produces colors in the medium to reddishyellow range. Although its solvent resistance is only average, P.Y.62 shows better fastness to plasticizers, such as dioctyl phthalate and dioctyl adipate, and consequently exhibits good bleeding fastness in plasticized PVC. It is also thermally stable. P.Y.62 is thermally stable up to 250°C. It has a considerable effect on the shrinkage of HDPE and other partially crystalline polymers. The pigment is an equally suitable colorant for polystyrene and polyurethane and lends color to polypropylene spin dyeing products with minimal application requirements.

Pigment yellow 14, PY14, DIARYLIDE YELLOW 14 For plastics, EVA The pigment is more important in the NA, where it is used in polyolefins. It is thermally stable up to 200°C, which makes it a useful colorant for elastomers, especially rubber.

Pigment yellow 14, PY14, DIARYLIDE YELLOW 14 for gravure inks  P.Y.14 is more resistant to solvents than P.Y.12. In contrast to P.Y.12, it is resistant to paraffin, which makes it a useful product for packaging inks.

Pigment yellow 13 for plastics P.Y.13 is used to a more appreciable extent in plastics, where it meets average standards. P.Y.13 is as lightfast as in PVC. P.Y.13 is used to an appreciable extent usually in the form of pigment preparations – in rubber and other elastomers and in aromatic polyurethane foams. The spin dyeing market employs P.Y.13 to color viscose rayon and synthetic wool. As a result of the discovered thermal decomposition of diarylide yellow pigments , the use of P.Y.13 in HDPE must be limited to 200°C, even though the pigment was said before to survive a 5 minute exposure to 200 to 260°C

Pigment Yellow 13 C.I.PY13 for solvent based inks. P.Y.13 also represents a frequent choice throughout the printing ink industry,specially in offset application. P.Y.13 and its chemically modified derivatives, due to their higher solvent fastness compared to P.Y.12, are used in much greater volume in packaging gravure inks. P.Y.13 is not only more resistant to solvents, but also shows less of a tendency to recrystallize than P.Y.12. This makes it much more advantageous to incorporate such pigments in offset vehicles containing large amounts of mineral oil by Diarylide Yellow Pigments 247 using agitated ball mills like the ones mentioned above. P.Y.127 and 176 are even more recrystallization resistant than P.Y.13. At equal depth of shade, the lightfastness of P.Y.13 exceeds that of similarly transparent types of P.Y.12 by one to two steps on the Blue Scale.

Pigment yellow 13, PY13  be used for water based inks or paints, plastics P.Y.13 also represents a frequent choice throughout the printing ink industry, especially in offset application. The paint industry shows only limited interest in either P.Y.13 or 12. Although the redder varieties of P.Y.13 are more lightfast than the P.Y.12 types by a few steps on the Blue Scale, they do not reach the lightfastness of Hansa Yellow type monoazo pigments. P.Y.13 is not fast to overpainting.  P.Y.13 is used to a more appreciable extent in plastics, where it meets average standards.

Pigment yellow 12 for plastics P.Y.12 as a colorant for polymers. Although a certain tendency to migrate precludes its use in plasticized PVC, rigid PVC somewhat enhances its performance. Transparent varieties become sufficiently fast to light to equal step 6 on the Blue Scale; opaque types afford values between 2 and 5, depending on the pigment concentration and amount of TiO2 or depth of shade.  Good heat resistance also qualifies P.Y.12 for use in polyurethane foam; aromatic polyurethanes themselves are not very fast to light.

Pigment Yellow 3
P.Y.3 grades produce a pure, much greener yellow than the Pigment Yellow 1 types. Pigment Yellow 3 can easily be combined with blue pigments to produce shades of green; it may also be used to modify the hue of a green pigment, such as Copper Phthalocyanine Green. The commercial types exhibit low specific surface areas and confer good hiding power on paints, coatings, and prints.

Pigment Violet 19, gamma-Modification 05B The gamma-crystal modification of P.V.19 affords bluish red shades which are much yellower than those obtained by the belta-modification. It used in exterior house paints, transparent paints, printing inks industry, it is frequently used for its high heat stability to replace more expensive bluish Cadmium Red pigments. The gamma-form of P.V.19 is also applicable in injection-molded and extrusion-made polyamide, and such as powder coatings and cast resins.

Pigment violet 3, methyl violet, PV3 PIGMENT VIOLET 3 provides a very bluish violet shade, which is considerably bluer than that of its counterparts PV1 and PV2.  PV3, PIGMENT VIOLET 3 exhibits higher fastness properties than PV27, This is particularly true with respect to the lightfastness: PV3 letterpress proof prints score approximately 1 1/2 steps higher on the Blue Scale than comparative PV27, prints. Similarly, PV3, is used primarily in printing inks, especially in flexographic and packaging gravure printing inks. The list of suitable media also includes oil-based vehicle systems. 

Pigment red 254 transparancy type shows good coloristic and fastness properties and has within a short period of time developed into a widely used pigment for high industrial paints, especially in original automotive finishes and automotive refinishes. The commercially available type affords medium shades of red in full shades, while white reductions are somewhat bluish red. The pigment shows good hiding power, it is used primarily in automotive finishes wherever lead-free formulations are required. For economical reasons, P.R.254 is frequently used in combination with the somewhat bluer but less weatherfast opaque type of P.R.170. Combination, for instance, with quinacridone pigments affords opaque shades of bluish red. P.R.254 shows very good fastness to organic solvents. P.R.254 is also used to color plastics which are processed at high temperature. A special type has recently been introduced to the market which is used for this purpose. In plasticized PVC, P.R.254 reaches step 8 on the Blue Scale for lightfastness. It shows high tinctorial strength and bleeding fastness.

Pigment red 254 opaque type shows good coloristic and fastness properties and has within a short period of time developed into a widely used pigment for high industrial paints, especially in original automotive finishes and automotive refinishes. The commercially available type affords medium shades of red in full shades, while white reductions are somewhat bluish red. The pigment shows good hiding power, it is used primarily in automotive finishes wherever lead-free formulations are required. For economical reasons, P.R.254 is frequently used in combination with the somewhat bluer but less weatherfast opaque type of P.R.170. Combination, for instance, with quinacridone pigments affords opaque shades of bluish red. P.R.254 shows very good fastness to organic solvents. P.R.254 is also used to color plastics which are processed at high temperature. A special type has recently been introduced to the market which is used for this purpose. In plasticized PVC, P.R.254 reaches step 8 on the Blue Scale for lightfastness. It shows high tinctorial strength and bleeding fastness.

Pigment Red 202 P.R.202, a very lightfast and weatherfast mixed phase quinacridone pigment, provides  more bluish and considerably duller shades than 2,9-dimethylquinacridone. P.R.202 is primarily applied in automotive finishes, AND RECENTLY USED FOR INKJET INKS.

Pigment Red 185 The commercially available types of this polymorphous pigment afford very clean, bluish shades of red. P.R.185 is completely or almost completely insoluble in common solvents. Its main area of application is in graphics printing and in the mass coloration of plastics. The printing ink industry uses P.R.185 for all printing techniques. The prints show very good solvent fastness, P.R.185 prints are heat stable up to 220°C for 10 minutes or to 200°C for 30 minutes

Pigment Red 176 P.R.176 provides a bluish red shade, which is somewhat bluer than those of P.R.187 and 208 and somewhat yellower than that of P.R.185. P.R.176 is primarily applied in plastics and in laminated papers. The pigment exhibits very good migration fastness in plasticized PVC.

Pigment Red 170 F5RK P.R.170 provides medium shades of red, which in tints are somewhat bluish. The transparent type is preferred for printing inks. It is tinctorially very strong and lends itself to use in a variety of high grade formulations. Inks formulated at only 15% pigment concentration will under standardized conditions produce 1/1 SD letterpress proof prints; the resulting prints are very lightfast. As a result of its excellent fastness properties,  The plastics industry uses P.R.170 almost exclusively to color rigid PVC. P.R.170 is also very heat stable; it retains its color strength for 10 minutes at 200°C or for 30 minutes at 180°C, which makes it a valuable pigment for metal deco printing. P.R.170 is also found in decorative printing inks for polyester films.

Pigment Red 166 P.R.166 affords clean yellowish shades of red. It is broad in scope and in this respect resembles the somewhat bluer disazo condensation pigment P.R.144. Its main area of application, however, is in plastics and in spin dyeing. In the plastics sector, P.R.166 is used primarily to color PVC and polyolefins. The pigment is almost completely fast to bleeding in plasticized PVC. Similarly colored pigments of other classes perform poorer in terms of migration and lightfastness and also regarding heat stability.