Description

Product Overview

1-Bromobutane (also known as n-Butyl Bromide or Butyl Bromide) CAS No.: 109-65-9 , with the chemical formula C₄H₉Br and a molecular weight of 137.02 g/mol. It is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a characteristic or pleasant odor. This compound belongs to the class of alkyl halides and is primarily used in organic synthesis and as a solvent, though it is flammable and subject to safety regulations due to its irritant and environmental properties.

Properties

1-Bromobutane exhibits the following key physical and chemical properties:

• Physical State: Liquid (at room temperature).
• Appearance: Clear colorless to light yellow liquid.
• Odor: Characteristic or pleasant odor.
• Melting Point: -112 °C.
• Boiling Point: 101-102 °C.
• Density: 1.27 g/mL (at 25 °C).
• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (0.6 g/L); miscible with organic solvents like ethanol, ether, and chloroform.
• Stability: Stable under normal conditions; flammable with a flash point of 10-23 °C; incompatible with strong oxidants and strong bases.
• Toxicity: Moderately toxic; LD50 oral in rat: 2761 mg/kg; causes irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; may cause respiratory irritation, headache, nausea; toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects.

Applications

The primary applications of 1-bromobutane include:

• Organic Synthesis Intermediate: Used as an alkylating agent in the production of pharmaceuticals (e.g., procaine and tetracaine), agrochemicals, and other organic compounds; precursor for Grignard reagents and organometallics like n-butyllithium.
• Solvent: Employed for cleaning, degreasing, and extraction in industrial and laboratory processes.
• Other: Acts as a derivatization reagent for functional groups (e.g., amino acids to improve hydrophobicity); used as an internal standard in analytical techniques like gas chromatography for quantifying compounds in samples such as human urine.

Classification

The following table outlines the classification of 1-bromobutane based on chemical properties, uses, and regulations: