Cur síos
Forbhreathnú ar an Táirge
1-Bromobutane (also known as n-Butyl Bromide or Butyl Bromide) CAS No.: 109-65-9 , with the chemical formula C₄H₉Br and a molecular weight of 137.02 g/mol. It is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a characteristic or pleasant odor. This compound belongs to the class of alkyl halides and is primarily used in organic synthesis and as a solvent, though it is flammable and subject to safety regulations due to its irritant and environmental properties.
Airíonna
1-Bromobutane exhibits the following key physical and chemical properties:
- Stádas fisiceach: Leachtach (ag teocht an tseomra).
- Cuma: Clear colorless to light yellow liquid.
- Boladh: Characteristic or pleasant odor.
- Pointe leá: -112 °C.
- An t-eadhon fiuchta: 101-102 °C.
- Dlús: 1.27 g/mL (at 25 °C).
- Intuaslagthacht: Slightly soluble in water (0.6 g/L); miscible with organic solvents like ethanol, ether, and chloroform.
- Cobhsaíocht: Stable under normal conditions; flammable with a flash point of 10-23 °C; incompatible with strong oxidants and strong bases.
- Tocsaineacht: Moderately toxic; LD50 oral in rat: 2761 mg/kg; causes irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; may cause respiratory irritation, headache, nausea; toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects.
Iarratais
The primary applications of 1-bromobutane include:
- Idirmheánach na Síntéise Orgánaí: Used as an alkylating agent in the production of pharmaceuticals (e.g., procaine and tetracaine), agrochemicals, and other organic compounds; precursor for Grignard reagents and organometallics like n-butyllithium.
- Tuaslagóir: Employed for cleaning, degreasing, and extraction in industrial and laboratory processes.
- Eile: Acts as a derivatization reagent for functional groups (e.g., amino acids to improve hydrophobicity); used as an internal standard in analytical techniques like gas chromatography for quantifying compounds in samples such as human urine.
Aicmiú
The following table outlines the classification of 1-bromobutane based on chemical properties, uses, and regulations:
| Cineál Aicmithe | Catagóir Shonrach | Cur síos |
|---|---|---|
| Rang Ceimice | Halide Alcaile (Brómaileacán) | Príomh-alcaín brominithe, imoibríoch i n-imoibrithe núicléafileacha ionadaithe (e.g., SN2). |
| Aicme Úsáide | Imscoilteán/Tuíreach don tSintéis Orgánach | Primarily an intermediate for chemical synthesis and cleaning/degreasing applications. |
| Aicme Guaise | Flammable Liquid (UN 1126); Irritant | Flammable (flash point 10-23 °C); irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system (GHS: H225, H315, H319, H335, H411); toxic to aquatic life; packing group II. |
| Aicme Rialála | Ceimiceán Rialaithe (REACH, TSCA) | Registered under EU REACH (EC 203-691-9) and US TSCA; subject to environmental release controls and hazardous substance regulations (WGK 2 in Germany). |
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